Thursday, December 9, 2010

Photosynthesis Dry Lab

                                                               PROCEDURES

 Step # 1- First, gather up all of your materials which are three test tubes, bromothymol  
           blue, two aquarium snails, one aquarium plant, two elodea plants, pond water, and a lamp.

 Step # 2- Next, fill a test tube with 30 ml of pond water and sit it on the counter for twenty minutes.

 Step # 3- Then after twenty minutes is up, add 35 ml of bromothymol blue to the test tube with  
          the 30 ml of pond water.

Step # 4- After that, wait twenty minutes and record your results.

Step # 5- When twenty minutes is up, record the color that you got and it should be a blue-green color.

Step # 6- Then, add an aquarium snail to the test tube.

Step # 7- Wait twenty minutes, and record your results.

Step # 8- After twenty minutes is up, record the color that you got and the color should have changed to  
          a yellow color.

Step # 9- Then add 30 ml of pond water, 35 ml of bromothymol blue, and an aquarium plant to another  
           test tube.
 
Step # 10- Wait twenty minutes, and add an elodea plant.

Step # 11- Then leave it under the lamp for it to get light for thirty minutes, and then record your results.

Step # 12- When thirty minutes is up, record the color that you got and it should be a blue-green color. 

Step # 13- After that, add 30 ml of pond water, 35 ml of bromothymol blue, an elodea plant, and 
          an aquarium snail to another test tube.

Step # 14- Then leave it under the lamp for it to get light for thirty minutes and record your results.

Step #15- When thirty minutes is up, record the color that you got and it should be a blue-green color.

Step # 16- After that, leave it in the dark for three hours.

Step # 17- After three hours is up, record the color that you got and it should be a yellow color.

Step # 18- When you are all done with the lab, clean up your mess and put your materials away.



  The fact that bromothymol blue is a blue-green liquid which changes to a yellow color in acid and back to blue-green when returned to a neutral pH explains the observation that water plus bromothymol blue plus an aquarium snail turns yellow. The fact that carbon dioxide plus water yields sugar and oxygen when chlorophyll and sunlight are presesnt explains the observation that water plus bromothymol blue plus elodea, an aquarium plant, is blue-green in light. The fact that sugar plus oxygen yields dioxide plus water and energy explains the observation that water plus bromothymol blue is blue-green. The fact that green plants photosynthesize in the light and respire all the time explains the observation that water plus bromothymol blue plus a snail plus elodea is blue-green in light and yellow when left in the dark for three hours. The fact that animals respire explains the observation that water plus bromothymol blue plus a snail plus elodea is blue-green in light and yellow when left in the dark for three hours.The fact that carbon dioxide in water produces carbonic acid explains that water plus bromothymol blue plus an aquarium snail turns yellow.

Tuesday, December 7, 2010

Enzyme Lab Data

In class we we did an enzyme lab, and in our group we set up the experiment by starting with five drops of yeast and peroxide, and the slope was 0.008082 atm's. Then, our group decided to increase the number of drops to twenty and the slope increased to a 0.01439. When you increase the number of drops the slope usually increases. After we collected that data we increased the number of drops to forty five and the slope decreased to a 0.002416. It was very odd of the type of results we got because we thought that the slope would increase. After that, we tested the effects of temperature on the enzymes and we started off by testing it at room temperature and the slope was 0.00291 atm's. Then, we tested it at cold temperature and the slope increased to 0.1625. When we tested it at a hot temperature, it didn't have much of an effect on it because the slope increased a little to a 0.174. Our group thought that it would be a big increase, but it wasn't. The slope was very high on our graph of the ph level of four, which was a slope of 0.1466 atm's. The slope decreased a lot at a -0.2515 at a ph level of seven. Then, our results increased to a slope of 0.07981 at a ph level of ten.

As, I was taking a look at another group's data for there temperature graph, I noticed that there slope increased and decreased. On there graph the slope decreased when they tested it at 80 celsius. There results showed that they started testing at 25 celsius. In conclusion, the results from this lab showed how enzymes increase and decrease depending on how you set up the experiment. As, you increase the number of drops the slope usually increases, but we got odd results in our experiment when we tested forty five drops because the slope decreased. I learned a lot about how enzymes function by doing this interesting lab.