Wonderful Genetics!!

This is a picture representing homozygous and heterozygous genes given off by the mom fish and the dad fish and the different gametes that are possible.

  













    
   The Idea of genetics is amazing!!! There is so many things that you can think of when you think about genetics. In class we have been learning about genetics, and we did a baby lab to represent the outcome of what you and yours partner's baby would look like. There are many different terms that is involved with genetics. When someone is Homozygous they have two of the same copies of a gene. For example, AA and HH. When someone is Heterozygous, it is the complete opposite they have two different copies. For example, Aa and Ff. Gametes are reproductive cells that have haploid chromosomes. A dominant trait is a trait that shows up in the offspring if one of the parents contributes it. A recessive gene is hidden, it has identical alleles for a single trait.  A gene is DNA region for one trait. An allele is a form of a certain gene. Phenotypes are visible traits, it's what the baby is going to look like. Genotypes are the genes that are present. A chromosome is an organized structure of DNA and protein that is found in cells. The difference between a diploid and a haploid is that a diploid are two copies of each chromosome and a haploid is one copy of each chromosome. In meiosis when mom and dad's chromosomes are separated this is called segregation. If a mom is homozygous for free earlobes and marries a man who doesn't have free earlobes,what are the possible genotypes and phenotypes of their children? Well, the genotypes would be Ff, and ff. The phenotypes would be free earlobes and not free earlobes.

Independent Assortment is when there are as many combinations as possible. According to Mendel's second law alleles of two or more different gene pairs inherit two different alleles. They assort independently of each other during meiosis. A random combination of the genes from each pair end up in the gametes. For example, Ss and Yy assort independently because when the S and s alleles segregate from each other during meiosis, each one is most likely to land in the same gamete with the big Y allele and with the little y allele. The reason why idependent assortment occurs is because there are many ways that chromosomes are placed in metaphase one of meiosis. Two genes must reside on different chromosomes or on the same chromosome in order to assort independently. They must be located far apart from each other along the chromosomes arms. Genetics is involved everywhere in our world, and it plays a major role. It determines what you look like, like if you get more traits from your mom or dad. Sometimes, you can look more like family members in your family's history from generations ago. I have a good understanding about genetics, and how we get the traits that we do.